Alternative Names: ABAZIN, Abazin, Abazintsy, Ashuwa
Population: 38,200 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Population total all countries: 48,280.
Region: Karachay-Cherkess Republic. Also in Germany, Turkey (Asia).
Alphabet:
Additional character with Unicode value:
Alternative Names: ABKHAZIAN, Bzyb, Abzhui, Samurzakan
Population: 101,000 in Georgia (1993), 94% speak it as mother tongue. Population total all countries: 117,350.
Region: Abkhaz Republic, Black Sea coast. Also in Russian Federation (Asia), Turkey (Asia), Ukraine.
Alphabet:
Additional characters with Unicode values:
Alternative Names: ADYGE, Adygei, Adygey, Circassian, Kiakh, Kjax, Lower Circassian, West Circassian
Population: 125,000 in Russia (1993 UBS), 96% speak it as mother tongue. Population total all countries: 499,300. Ethnic population: 128,528.
Region: Adygea Republic. Also in Australia, Egypt, France, Germany, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Macedonia, Netherlands, Syria, Turkey (Asia), United States.
Alphabet:
Additional character with Unicode value::
Alternative Names: AFRIKAANS
Population: 4,740,000 in South Africa (2006), decreasing. Population total all countries: 4,934,950.
Region: Principally Pretoria and Bloemfontein. Cape Malays mainly in Cape Town; some in Johannesburg, Pretoria, Durban, and Port Elizabeth. Also in Australia, Botswana, Canada, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, New Zealand, Swaziland, United States, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Alphabet:
Additional characters with Unicode values:
Alternative Names: AGHUL, Aghul-ch’al, Agul
Population: 28,300 in Russian Federation (2002 Census). Population total all countries: 28,332.
Region: Southeast Dagestan, Agulsky District, Kurakhsky District; Moscow; Stavropol region. Also in Azerbaijan.
Alphabet:
Additional character with Unicode value:
Alternative Names: ALBANIAN, Geg, Ship
Population: 1,630,000 in Serbia. Population total all countries: 4,156,090. Ethnic population: 2,000,000 (1998 Los Angeles Times).
Region: Kosovo. Also in Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Slovenia, United States.
Alphabet:
Additional characters with Unicode values:
Alternative Names: ALTAIC (OIROT), Altai, Oirot, Oyrot
Population: 20,000 (1993 J. Janhunen). Ethnic population: 67,239 (including Northern Altai [atv], but excluding 2,399 Talangits and 2,650 Teleuts, 2002 census).
Region: Gorno-Altai Ao mountains, Mongolia and China border.
Alphabet:
Additional characters with Unicode values:
Alternative Names: ARABIC, Al-’Arabiyya, Al-Fusha, Literary Arabic
Population: 206,000,000 L1 speakers of all Arabic varieties (Wiesenfeld 1999).
Region: Middle East, North Africa. Also in Algeria, Bahrain, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Palestinian West Bank and Gaza, Qatar, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.
Alphabet:
Alternative Names: ARMENIAN, Armjanski Yazyk, Ena, Ermeni Dili, Ermenice, Haieren, Somkhuri
Population: 3,140,000 in Armenia (2001 census). Population total all countries: 6,376,520.
Region: Widespread. Also in Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Egypt, Estonia, France, Georgia, Greece, Honduras, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Palestinian West Bank and Gaza, Romania, Russian Federation (Europe), Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey (Europe), Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States, Uzbekistan.
Alphabet:
Alternative Names: ASTURIAN, Astur-Leonese, Asturian-Leonese, Asturianu
Population: 100,000 in Spain (1994). 50,000 in Central Asturian, 30,000 in Western Asturian, 20,000 in Eastern Asturian. Population total all countries: 125,000. Ethnic population: 550,000 (1996).
Region: Asturias Princedom, west Cantabria and Leon, north Castilla-Leon. Montañes in Cantabria and Las Peñamelleras, a Spanish dialect with Asturian influence. Also in Portugal.
Alphabet:
Additional characters with Unicode values:
Alternative Names: AVAR, Avaro, Bolmac, Khundzuri, Maarul Dagestani
Population: 744,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Population total all countries: 788,960. Ethnic population: 814,473.
Region: Western Dagestan; Terek and Sulak river areas. Also in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkey (Asia).
Additional character with Unicode value:
Alternative Names: AZERI (CYR), Azerbaijan, Azerbaydzhani, Azeri Turk
Population: 6,100,000 in Azerbaijan (2007). 4,000,000 monolinguals. Population total all countries: 7,473,270. Ethnic population: 6,224,490.
Region: Also in Armenia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation (Asia), Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
Alphabet:
Additional characters with Unicode values:
Alternative Names: AZERI (LAT), Azerbaijan, Azerbaydzhani, Azeri Turk
Population: 6,069,453 in Azerbaijan. In the republics of the former USSR, 98% of the ethnic group speak Azerbaijani as mother tongue, 4,000,000 are monolingual (1989 census). Population total all countries 7,059,000. Including second language speakers: 15,000,000 (1999 WA).
Region: Azerbaijan, and southern Dagestan, along the Caspian coast in the southern Caucasian Mts. Also spoken in Armenia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia (Asia), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
Alphabet:
Additional character with Unicode value:
