Alternative Names: TABASARAN, Ghumghum, Tabasaran, Tabasarantsy
Population: 128,000 in Russian Federation (2002 Census). Population total all countries: 128,900. Ethnic population: 131,785 in Russia (2002 Census).
Region: Southern Dagestan. Also in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
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Alternative Names: TADZHIK, Galcha, Tadzhik, Tajiki Persian
Population: 3,340,000 in Tajikistan (1991). Population total all countries: 4,457,500.
Region: Also in Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation (Asia), Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
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Alternative Names: TALYSH, Talesh, Talish, Talyshi
Population: 800,000 in Azerbaijan (1996). Population total all countries: 914,550.
Region: Caspian coast south of Viliazh-Chai River. May be in Central Asia and Siberia. Also in Iran, Russian Federation (Asia).
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Alternative Names: TAT, Tati, Judeo-Tatic, Hebrew Tat, Jewish Tat, Bik, Dzhuhuric, Juhuri, Mountain Jewish, Lahji, Musulman Tats
Population: 3,020 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Population total all countries: 97,020.
Region: Dagestan, Makhachkala, Majalis, Derbent, Buinaksk, Kizlyar; South of Pyatigorsk; North Ossetia, Mozdok; Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Nalchyk; Chechnya, Grozniy. Also in Azerbaijan, Israel.
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Alternative Names: TAT (HEBR), Tati, Judeo-Tatic, Hebrew Tat, Jewish Tat, Bik, Dzhuhuric, Juhuri, Mountain Jewish, Lahji, Musulman Tats
Population: 3,020 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Population total all countries: 97,020.
Region: Dagestan, Makhachkala, Majalis, Derbent, Buinaksk, Kizlyar; South of Pyatigorsk; North Ossetia, Mozdok; Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Nalchyk; Chechnya, Grozniy. Also in Azerbaijan, Israel.
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Alternative Names: TATAR VOLGAIC (CYR), Tatar
Population: 5,350,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census). 24,668 Kreshen (Kryashen) Tatars, who are traditionally Russian Orthodox. Population total all countries: 6,496,600.
Region: Tatarstan and Bashkortostan Republics; St. Petersburg and Moscow to eastern Siberia. Also in Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Belarus, China, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkey (Europe), Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States, Uzbekistan.
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Alternative Names: TOFALAR
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Alternative Names: TOUVA (SOYOT), Diba, Kök, Mungak, Soyod, Soyon, Soyot, Tannu-Tuva, Tofa, Tokha, Tuba, Tuvan, Tuvia, Tuvin, Tuvinian, Tyva, Uriankhai, Uriankhai-Monchak, Uryankhai
Population: 235,000 in Russian Federation, increasing. Population total all countries: 264,400. Ethnic population: 242,500 in Russian Federation.
Region: Siberia, Tuvin Ao. Also in China, Mongolia.
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Alternative Names: TSAKHUR, Caxur, Sakhur, Tsakhury, Tsaxur
Population: 13,000 in Azerbaijan (1989 census). Population total all countries: 22,843. Ethnic population: 13,318 in Azerbaijan (1989 census).
Region: Northwest. Also in Russian Federation (Europe), Uzbekistan.
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Alternative Names: TSWANA, Beetjuans, Chuana, Coana, Cuana, Sechuana, Setswana
Population: 1,070,000 in Botswana (Johnstone 1993). Population total all countries: 4,521,700.
Region: Widespread as lingua franca; Southeast and Kgatleng districts; east Southern and Kweneng districts, Central District, Serowe-Palapye and Mahalapye subdistricts; Northwest District Maun village area. Also in Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe.
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Alternative Names: TURKISH, Anatolian, Türkçe, Türkisch
Population: 46,300,000 in Turkey (1987). Population total all countries: 50,750,120.
Region: Widespread in Turkey as L1 or L2. Also in Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Denmark, Egypt, El Salvador, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Honduras, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Netherlands, Romania, Russian Federation (Asia), Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan.
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Alternative Names: TURKMEN (CYR), Trukhmen, Trukhmeny, Turkmani, Turkmanian, Turkmenler, Turkomans
Population: 3,430,000 in Turkmenistan (1995). Population total all countries: 6,562,810. Ethnic population: 3,465,000 (1995).
Region: Also in Afghanistan, Germany, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russian Federation (Asia), Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey (Asia), United States, Uzbekistan.
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Alternative Names: TURKMEN (LAT), Trukhmen, Trukhmeny, Turkmani, Turkmanian, Turkmenler, Turkomans
Population: 3,430,000 in Turkmenistan (1995). Population total all countries: 6,562,810. Ethnic population: 3,465,000 (1995).
Region: Also in Afghanistan, Germany, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russian Federation (Asia), Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey (Asia), United States, Uzbekistan.
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